Beautiful Strangers: How Friendship Expectation Influences Physical Evaluation
Research by Kononov and Ein-Gar (2023) indicates that when individuals anticipate becoming friends with a stranger, they tend to evaluate that person more positively in terms of physical attributes like appearance, sound, and smell. This enhanced positive evaluation is driven by a preference for a pleasant physical experience when expecting friendship. The studies found that the amount of time participants expected to spend with a stranger predicted their positive evaluation, with the effect weakening if physical time together was not possible.
When people expect to become friends with someone and spend time with that person, they also expect that person to look, sound, and smell good.
People tend to evaluate themselves as better than they actually are. Such enhanced positive evaluation occurs not only for the self but also for close others. We extend the exploration of enhanced evaluation of close others to that of strangers.
We predict that when individuals consider becoming friends with a stranger, their preference for a pleasant physical experience will drive an enhanced evaluation of that person.
In two experiments, participants who considered friendship with a stranger evaluated the stranger as looking, sounding, and smelling better than how control participants evaluated them. The amount of time participants expected to spend with the stranger predicted their evaluation (Studies 1–2).
In a large-scale third study, using various target stimuli, we found that when participants have an interest in a friendship but then are unable to physically spend time together, the enhanced-evaluation effect is weaker compared with when they could spend time together.